**This will be a longer post... I feel it is worth it though**
The subject of nutrition comes up very often for endurance athletes.What to eat, how much, when, etc. The caloric numbers are out there,the ratios are out there, but for most, I believe that it is deeperthan the numbers. Not all calories are created equal, timing isimportant, etc.
One of the perks of many hours of endurance training is eating mindlesscalories. My question, mainly for myself was, when does this become abad thing? For myself, I found out this past year when I stoppedworking out as much. I was so used to being able to eat any caloriesjust to get calories for so long that I had conditioned myself. I hadbeen reinforcing the behavior for so long that I was wired to continuethat way when I needed to stop and change.
I began thinking, wow, I can see where this gets out of control forpeople. I preach consistency, reinforcing good technique and goodhabits, until it becomes habit to a client. Then they no longer have to"think" about it, it just is. This is very clearly done with food,unfortunately it seems to be heading the wrong "reinforcing" way formost. I think we all *know* this to a certain degree, but why don't wechange the behavior?
Obviously it is hard to change a behavior once it is learned. It takeswork to override it, and then create a new behavior. I have read dietbooks, I have read sports nutrition books, etc. If you can follow theguidelines, most diets will get you to where you want to be. Mostsports nutrition books will get you to race day fueled properly. Butonce you can't follow the diet anymore mentally, or race day comes andgoes, what habit do we go back to and why? This is what was plaguingme.
I wanted to go a little further into the mindset of eating instead ofeducating myself even more on the diet guidelines. Many problems withmy athletes training can be fixed if we fix their mindset, so I wantedto see what was out there on the food side of this thought process.
One of the better books out there that I have ran across so far that deals specifically with this is
"The End of Overeating: Taking Control of the Insatiable American Appetite" by David A. Kessler, MD.David was a former FDA commissioner. I'll try to just touch on a coupleof points on this book, there are too many and I could type all night.In the book he meets up with top scientists, physicians, and foodindustry insiders uncovering the facts about how we have lost controlover our eating habits. Very, very, eye opening to hear how the foodindustry gets us to not only eat way more than we ever should, but alsoget us to keep coming back repeatedly, for more. Americans used toconsume no more than the food they needed to burn. Overweight peoplewere rare and typically stood apart from the rest of the population.Most can agree that scenario is flipped in many communities. Overweightseems to be more the norm. Going out to dinner, or stopping atMcDonalds was a rare treat before, it is now the norm.
They food industry spends tons of money to alter our food to create aexperience that wires your brain to want more. They also put mucheffort into marketing to create a trigger, even when your body may notactually need food. Most food companies start by making the food moreprocessed. It is cheaper and can be manipulated for flavor much easierthat way. As stated by one food consultant in the book, "by eliminatingthe need to chew, modern food processing techniques allow us to eatfaster. When you're eating these things, you've had 500, 600, 700, 800,900 calories before you know it. Literally, before you know it" Chewingallows your brain to send the signal it is full. When you eliminate theneed to chew as much, you can eat much more, and quickly hit the brainsreward centers. The main ingredients that hit the brains reward centersin food is sugar, fat, and salt.
The title of Chapter 3 of the book is simple "sugar, fat, salt make useat more sugar, fat, salt." The most palatable foods contain these 3ingredients, and the food industries job is to find the right amountthat keeps us coming back for more. What is more shocking is how mostof the foods are pre-packaged with a combination of these 3 things inthem already, and then once they are shipped to their final location tobe served, more is added on once cooked. So even when you think you areordering something healthy, most of the time you would be shocked tosee what was really in it, and what its caloric value was. From a highlevel food industry exec, "higher sugar, fat and salt make you want toeat more. It gives food a high hedonic value, which gives pleasure, sothey try to bring as much into the equation as possible."
It is mind boggling how they can load hundreds of calories into onesmall food object. Much research has come to the conclusion that sugar,fat, and salt are reinforcing. They reinforce the desire to keepeating. One scientist interviewed who had conducted extensive researchon animals found that the breaking point at which the animals will nolonger work to get fat and sugar, will no longer work for the "reward",is slightly lower than the breaking point for cocaine." Adding foodsrich in sugar, fat, and salt in our mouths stimulates neurons in ourbrains, and the more you add these, the more neurons fire. This makesthe message to eat stronger. The stimulations that happen, producerewarding effects similar to the rewarding effects that drugs provide.In the short term, highly palatable foods make us feel better, likedrugs will. No wonder its so hard to change many peoples eatingpatters. It seems to me it would be almost as hard as getting a drugaddict to not only get clean, but change their patterns after to stayclean.
So, think about that the next time you are trying to clean up yourdiet, and either lose weight or perform better. Before you gomindlessly into another diet, evaluate your relationship with food, andtry to change how your look at food. Try to change your thinking tousing food for fuel versus food for pure pleasure. Your "diet" may gomuch better this time around if you can rewire your brain to thinkdifferently about it and create different reinforcing behaviorpatterns. And, do your research on what you are eating in order to makebetter choices when eating out. And yes, that might mean you have toget used to more "bland" foods or get really good with spices
